Review: The New Mercedes SL Is Bigger, Better, Luxuriouser

The Russian incursion into Ukraine this week has thrown European and global markets into a frenzy, as automakers work to determine how big an impact the war, and any economic sanctions against aggressor Russia, will have on supply lines, production, and workforces who could now be in direct danger. Europe's home automakers will be hit the hardest, as supply lines from Ukraine and Russia freeze up while bombs get dropped. However, Hyundai and Kia's massive manufacturing presence in Russia now presents a huge headache for the Korean group, as well.Multiple global automakers have reportedly halted shipments of local dealer orders to Russian partners, effective February 24, the date of the Russian invasion, according to letters apparently sent from the automakers and viewed by the Russian-language business paper Vedomosti. Russian dealers for Audi and Chevrolet reportedly received notices, and Vedomosti claims VW and Skoda are prepping notices of their own. Porsche and Land Rover's Tata Group had also halted shipments starting the date of the Russian invasion. If this is all true, and it likely is, it's unclear exactly what conditions forced the shut down—but it probably isn't going to be easy getting your car through Russian customs right now.The report says Audi will inform its partners on its plans to resume shipments down the road. Any inventory from automakers that's already passed through Russian customs will still be delivered. The quick move to halt shipments to Russia on the part of most automakers is likely precautionary and temporary, and more to do with establishing new logistics options adapted to an environment now at war, and in the environment of new global sanctions against Russia. Companies obviously face public pressure to not appear too cozy with a current aggressor, so the shipment freeze is likely an indefinite delay until everybody calms down.If you're wondering if the U.S. government and its allies' sanctions against Russia will further exacerbate the ongoing semiconductor shortage, the answer is of course. While no semiconductors or raw materials used to make them will be flowing into Russia, much of the raw materials come from Ukraine, which probably won't be exporting them for a while.Hyundai + Kia In RussiaThe Korean automotive sector is hugely reliant on Ukrainian-provided rare gases like neon, krypton, xenon, and more, everything from EV battery cells to superconductors are now on an even tighter supply line, and prices will go up. And speaking of gas, the kind you use to fill up your car at the pump likely will get more expensive in the coming weeks as energy prices rise globally, especially if European nations abstain from Russian fuels in response to its attack on Ukraine.Hyundai Group, which Kia also operates through, first established itself with a factory in St. Petersburg, Russia, in 2010 and recently purchased a former General Motors facility to renovate for Hyundai Tucson, Palisade, and Kia Sportage production for export to North America and the rest of Europe this year. The automakers combined currently produce more than 230,000 cars annually in Russia.That's just what they build there—Hyundai Group sold 373,132 vehicles in the Russian market in 2021, holding the largest market share; Hyundai accounts for 10.3 percent and Kia 12.3 percent of Russia's total vehicle market share.The outbreak of war and the onslaught of economic and financial sanctions against Russia now put all of Hyundai and Kia global business in jeopardy and will severely damage the national Korean economy, as well. The Korea Times says "Korean conglomerates" sold $2.5 billion worth of cars to Russia in 2021, plus an additional $1.45 billion worth of car parts and components.Cars and their parts previously accounted for 44 percent of Korea's annual export volume to Russia, which will likely be severely hindered by American and European sanctions looking to cut trade and handicap Russia's economy.Kia takes home four prizes at the annual Russian Car of the Year awardsHyundai + Kia in UkraineHyundai also operates a local sales office in Kyiv, Ukraine, and Kia produces the Rio sedan and hatchback at the ZAZ factory in Zaporozhye, Ukraine. On January 28, 2022, the Korean Ministry of Foreign Affairs announced a state of emergency in the region and established plans to evacuate Korean nationals out of Ukraine, the Korea Times reports.Hankook Tires, another Korean company, evacuated its sales office in the country. An official from Hyundai offered that the company has "been closely monitoring the situation as the Russian-Ukraine crisis is expected to bring about an economic slump and weak ruble," in a statement to the Korea Herald.The war in Ukraine could also severely impact global EV battery cell production, as the nation is the world's third-largest producer of nickel and aluminum, two highly valuable resources necessary in battery and EV components. Additionally, Ukraine produces almost 70 percent of the world's neon gas needed for components like chips, which are already suffering a shortage that has driven the average new vehicle transaction price in the U.S. to unbelievable new heights. It will likely only grow higher this year.Ukraine is also a critical global supplier of rare gases used in all sorts of high-tech equipment and components, and the war will severely hinder those supplies and likely cause prices to rise. This, too, will have a specific impact on the Korean economy, as the nation imports 30.7 percent of its krypton, 23 percent of its neon, and 17.8 percent of its xenon rare gases for component production from Ukraine, according to the Korea Herald. South Korean-based automaker SsangYong also imports raw materials like aluminum from the region.The Korean Automotive Manufacturer's Association fears up to 29 percent of its group sales could drop this year, anticipating a similar impact to when it witnessed a 62 percent drop in auto exports after the Russian incursion in Crimea in 2014, which also brought about international sanctions against Russia.New Sanctions on RussiaIn response to Russia's invasion of Ukraine, the U.S. Treasury Department announced it would immediately target the core infrastructure of Russian financial and some economic institutions. Sanctions target banks such as the state-backed Sberbank, VTB Bank, Otkritie, Sovcombank and Novikombank. The move is meant to ban any trading with U.S. institutions and freeze any U.S. assets held by the companies and their executives.This first wave of sanctions from the U.S. and its allies, announced on February 24, did not specifically target Russia's auto sector or any enterprises directly involved. However, some major economic enterprises related to autos were targeted, including Russia's Sovcomflot shipping company and Russian Railways, as well as much of the Russian energy sector.Russia is currently the third-largest supplier of nickel in the world and provides 40 percent of global palladium resources used for manufacturing catalytic converters, according to NBC. In return, Russia also relies on foreign supply lines for as much as 25 percent of its home automotive production, which could be heavily sequestered by new sanctions. The Russian Gaz Group has already announced that it will have to halt production as sanctions are levied against Russia.Analyst Sam Abuelsamid from Guidehouse Insights told NBC the big question regarding sanctions comes down to China: "If we put heavy sanctions on Russia, they might respond and cut us off from many of the things we need," including circuit boards and other raw materials, such as the lithium needed for electric vehicles. However, following the first wave of sanctions, this may not be a serious risk.J.D. Power and LMC Automotive analysts have downgraded projected global light vehicle production this year to 85.8 million units for 2022, a cut of 400,000 vehicles this year, Reuters says. However, the overall global volume of light vehicle sales is still expected to rise by 5 percent.Renault + Stellantis + Toyota Have Russia Trouble, TooOther major global automakers, including Renault and its affiliate brands, Stellantis and its affiliates, and Toyota, also have a significant manufacturing presence in the region. Renault has already announced that production in its Moscow, Russia, facility would have to stop from February 28 to March 5, citing "tighter border controls in transit countries and the forced need to change a number of established logistics routes," but failing to mention the Russian invasion of Ukraine outright, according to Reuters.Renault Group makes 8 percent of its core earnings in Russia, the automaker's second-largest market after its home of France. Russia's top automaker, AvtoVAZ, is partially owned by Renault, as well.Stellantis operates a car factory in Kaluga, Russia, where it also manufactures Mitsubishi models. Production of Peugeot, Citroën, and Opel cars reportedly doubled in Kaluga in 2021, and overall sales for Stellantis in Russia grew by 65 percent. There were plans earlier this year to start exporting commercial vehicles from the factory, which have now been interrupted.Stellantis CEO Carlos Tavares commented on the situation on a conference call earlier this week: "If we cannot supply the plant, if that is the reality, we have either to transfer that production to other plants, or just limit ourselves," via NBC. The factory only exported about 11,000 commercial vehicles last year, a fraction of more than 2 million total light commercial vehicles the company sold.A Stellantis spokesperson told MotorTrend that the company is "monitoring the situation carefully in real time, and if necessary we will take appropriate measures in the interest of our employees and their families. We currently see no significant impact on our business operations, including our manufacturing plant."Considering the light amount of commercial exports from the Kaluga factory, it's more likely Stellantis' local Russian operation takes the bigger hit, though broader supply chain issues will still negatively impact the global Stellantis portfolio.Toyota has been building the Camry in Russia for decades and has a

chevrolet corvette Full OverviewWith its engine moved behind the passenger compartment instead of in front, the 2021 Chevrolet Corvette gains extra storage space where the engine used to be. We find the front trunk, or "frunk" as it's often called, is very useful—at least it was until it stopped opening.There were no warning signs. Out of the blue, the electronic release mechanism just stopped releasing. Whether you pushed the button on the key fob, inside the cabin, or under the headlight, the turn signals would blink in acknowledgment but the hood wouldn't budge. Thankfully, none of our stuff was locked inside.We should note, this isn't the first issue Chevrolet has had with the C8 Corvette's front trunk lid, nor is it a repeat of those past issues. First, the company had an issue with front trunk lids not latching correctly and coming open while driving. Later, it was found the emergency release button inside the front trunk (in case a small person gets trapped inside) might stop working 10 minutes after the car was turned off. Both were corrected by a software recall issued months before our car was built. Ours just plain didn't want to open no matter what button you pushed or whether you were moving or parked.Luckily for us, it happened right around the time the car started asking for its first service appointment. With 8,817 miles on the Corvette's clock, we dropped it off at the local dealer, where we were informed it also had two outstanding recalls in need of correction. The first was a software update to correct an issue with the infotainment screen failing to come on in cold temperatures, an issue we'd only noticed once or twice because Los Angeles never gets that cold. Easy fix, covered under warranty.Neither the front trunk lid nor the other recall, for the fluid reservoir cap on the front lift system, could be fixed that day, unfortunately. The cap was on backorder (apparently, it leaks sometimes, though we never had this issue), and the latch actuator in the front trunk needed to be replaced. That, too, had to be ordered.On the plus side, we did get the first oil change and general service out of the way. Eight quarts of synthetic oil, a new filter, and a billable hour of the tech's time set us back $183.04. The dealer called us back 12 days later when the parts arrived and fixed both the front trunk and the reservoir cap under warranty.Separate from the service, we wore through our first set of tires with 11,589 miles on the clock. With staggered wheel sizes front and rear, the tires aren't all the same price, with the fronts going for $406.99 each and the rears $537.99 apiece. Altogether, a fresh set us back $1,889.96, plus $100 for mounting and balancing by ZipTire.Less than 12,000 miles is a very short life for a modern tire, but there are extenuating circumstances. Some of those miles were on a racetrack, which wore them down more quickly. Before it hit the track, we also put the car in its optional track alignment, which specifies a lot of negative camber, among other things. Greatly preferring how the car drives in track alignment, we elected to leave it that way knowing it would wear the tires out faster.Sure enough, we noticed cords showing on the inner shoulders of the rear tires at 11,589 miles even though there was plenty of tread left on the rest of the tires. Let that be a lesson to you: Check the entire tire for wear, not just the tread in the middle.Wear on the inside shoulders is the price of running negative camber, which tilts the tops of the wheels inward rather than positioning them straight up and down. It's great for grip in turns but bad for tire life. Fun fact: A Formula 1 car is limited to 3.25 degrees of negative camber on the front wheels. The C8's track alignment calls for 3.00 to 3.01 degrees of negative camber in the front. You can see the lean on these wheels. Read More About Our Long-Term 2021 Chevrolet Corvette Z51: The Corvette's ArrivalUpdate 1: The C8 Corvette's Launch Control Is InconsistentUpdate 2: How the Corvette Z51 Was Faster (Once) Around One Track Than a Porsche Cayman GT4Looks good! More details?

We already know "David," which is what Koneigsegg has named the its in-house EV inverter design featured on the Gemera. "David" can convert up to 750 kW of power from 850 volts of direct current flowing from the batteries into alternating current that can power the car's motors. The news today is that Koenigsegg has a name for the power unit that will feature this inverter, and plans sell its innovative in-house components in a new and incredibly powerful package.A single Koenigsegg Quark motor produces 250 kW, or 335 hp, and 443 lb-ft of torque at its peak output, and weighs just 63 pounds.The newly announced "Terrier" power unit features two of these Quark motors packaged around the fancy David inverter. The result is a plug-and-play EV power unit that puts out 670 hp and weighs less than 200 pounds, and also offers cross-axle torque vectoring performance. The output shafts are equipped with planetary gear sets, and the unit can be even mounted directly to a vehicle chassis—no subframe required. Koenigsegg believes there are extensive applications for the compact, high-power unit, including boats and aviation, where it could replace high-revving engines that normally require additional gearing, providing a lighter and less complex solution.On the hybrid Gemera, which features a battery pack powering three Quark motors linked up with a three-cylinder internal combustion engine, the goal was smooth and seamless acceleration with no power loss. Koenigsegg's name for the optimized power and torque map it has programmed into its Quark motors to achieve this is "Raxial Flux," which sounds fancy and has something to do with how the network of motor components in the motor interact.Today's electric motors are typically split between two different conceptual designs. Radial flux motors are power dense with a magnetic field radiating perpendicular to the axis of rotation, commonly packaged as a pancake or hub motor. Axial flux motors are currently more common, and barrel-shaped with a magnetic field radiating parallel to the axis of motion. Our E-motors 101 piece goes into more detail on how it works. Koenigsegg's new "Raxial Flux" have seemingly engineered a motor capable of both typical characteristics for optimized motor performance.While we wait for more details on the layout of the Quark motor, we posit it likely has its permanent magnets arrayed in a manner that can be energized either axially or radially, and that there are electric stator winding phases located both radially and axially, and energized independently under whatever conditions are optimal for each design's power and torque delivery. Essentially, Koenigsegg smashed both layouts together and designed programming to make it work.What you really need to know is that it means "optimal" power delivery from the motor, and doesn't need a transmission or step gears because "the RPM of the motor is right from the get-go," according to CEO Christian von Koenigsegg.Peak torque and power from the electric motors is reached 20 seconds into acceleration, and then the motors drop to nominal output. At this point, the 600-hp three-cylinder gas engine carries the car to top speed.